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Polypropylene (PP) is a type of proolefin that is a little harder than polyethylene. Polypropylene is a commodity plastic with low density and resistant to high heat. PP has a high melting point, durability and high load bearing capacity.

Its compound can be used instead of polypropylene (PP). The difference between compound and masterbatch is in their application, in such a way that compound is used to produce the final product, but masterbatch gives special properties to polymer raw materials.

Application of polypropylene (PP)

Among the uses of polypropylene, we can mention the use in packaging, automobiles, consumer goods, medicine, and cast films, and its chemical formula is (C3H6)n. It is also used in blow molding, injection molding, textile and pipe production.

Polypropylene (PP) is divided into two categories: polypropylene homopolymer and copolymer. In the following, they have been examined:

Polypropylene homopolymer

They are thermoplastic resins that are produced through the polymerization of propylene with Ziegler-Natta catalysts. Homopolymers can be used in various processing technologies such as injection molding, blow molding, film, fiber, sheet extrusion and thermal forming.

In addition to the above applications, PPH homopolymer polypropylene has features such as higher strength-to-weight ratio, longer durability, and greater material stiffness compared to polypropylene copolymer, and for applications that require good resistance to impact, corrosion, and chemicals. It needs good weldability and processability.

"Z  30 s"

Polypropylene copolymer

Copolymers have a second monomer of ethylene, which increases the impact strength compared to polypropylene homopolymer. The key properties of polypropylene copolymer are high impact strength, good chemical resistance, better resistance to cracking at low temperatures and increased flexibility.

Polypropylene copolymer can be used in cases such as making car parts, containers, packaging and family products. It is also widely used in injection molding for various parts and medical devices.

"Moplen EPD60R"

Polypropylene (PP) is a lightweight, hard, rigid, and crystalline thermoplastic that comes in a variety of forms. Among the advantages of polypropylene are its melting point, density, chemical resistance, and flammability. Polypropylene is also available in compound form, which is important in determining the quality of a compound from the poor quality in the final product.

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Акрилонитрилбутадиенстирол (АБС) представляет собой терполимер, полученный в результате полимеризации стирола и акрилонитрила в присутствии полибутадиена. Его соотношение может составлять от 15% до 35% акрилонитрила, от 5% до 30% бутадиена и от 40% до 60% стирола.

ABS является одним из наиболее широко используемых пластиковых материалов благодаря своей доступной цене и сбалансированным механическим и химическим свойствам. Другие преимущества ABS включают размерную прочность, высокую термостойкость и ударопрочность.

В качестве соединения также можно использовать акрилонитрилбутадиенстирол (АБС). Разница между компаундом и маточной смесью заключается в их применении, так что конечный продукт можно производить из компаунда, но маточная смесь придает полимерам определенные свойства.

Акрилонитрилбутадиенстирол (АБС) на самом деле является результатом длинной цепи полибутадиена, которая сшита с более короткими цепями поли(стирол-акрилонитрила). АБС имеет химическую формулу (C8H8)x·(C4H6)y·(C3H3N)z и является типом термопластичного полимера. АБС также производится в виде соединения, и качество и низкое качество соединения оказывают большое влияние на конечный продукт.

Технический паспорт акрилонитрилбутадиенстирол (АБС) выглядит следующим образом:

"SD0150"

Применение акрилонитрил-бутадиен-стирола (АБС)

Благодаря своим особенностям, таким как высокая ударопрочность, тепловые характеристики и т. д., этот материал является одним из наиболее часто используемых материалов в производстве пластика, который используется в производстве бытовой техники, такой как холодильники, пылесосы, электронные устройства, такие как в качестве клавиатур, принтеров, мышей и т. д. Используются ноутбуки и компьютеры.

Среди применений АБС в автомобилях и на транспорте можно упомянуть приборные панели, обивку рулевой колонки, компоненты приборной панели, дверные накладки и ручки, спинки сидений, детали ремней безопасности и т. д., которые относятся к числу материалов с высоким уровнем использования.

Акрилонитрил-бутадиен-стирол обладает благоприятными механическими свойствами, такими как ударопрочность, ударная вязкость и прочность. Изменяя соотношение компонентов шестерни ABS, можно производить ее разных марок. В целом акрилонитрилбутадиенстирол обладает полезными свойствами в диапазоне температур от 20 до 80 градусов Цельсия.

Способы производства акрилонитрилбутадиенстирола (АБС)

Акрилонитрилбутадиенстирол получают двумя способами:

В первом методе сополимеры стирола и акрилонитрила смешивают с акрилонитрил-бутадиеновым каучуком. Обычно каучуковая фаза раздроблена и равномерно диспергирована на мелкие частицы, как прерывистая фаза в непрерывной фазе.

Второй метод, который сегодня используется в большинстве операций, обеспечивает большую универсальность и возможность индивидуального проектирования конкретных профилей активов. Акрилонитрил прививают на основную цепь бутадиена или бутадиен-стирольного сополимера.

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Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) is a terpolymer made from the polymerization of styrene and acrylonitrile in the presence of polybutadiene. Its ratio can be 15% to 35% acrylonitrile, 5% to 30% butadiene and 40% to 60% styrene.

ABS is one of the most widely used plastic raw materials due to its reasonable price and balanced mechanical and chemical properties. Other advantages of ABS include dimensional strength, high thermal resistance, and impact resistance.

Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) is actually the result of a long chain of polybutadiene that is crosslinked with shorter chains of poly(styrene-acrylonitrile). ABS has the chemical formula (C8H8)x·(C4H6)y·(C3H3N)z and is a type of thermoplastic polymer. ABS is also produced as a compound, and the quality and poor quality of the compound have a great impact on the final product.

The datasheet of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) is as follows:

"SD0150"

Applications of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS)

Due to its features such as high impact resistance, thermal performance, etc., this material is one of the most used materials in the production of plastic, which is used in the production of household equipment such as refrigerators, vacuum cleaners, electronic devices such as keyboards, printers, mice, etc. Laptops and computers are used.

Among the applications of ABS in automobiles and transportation, we can mention instrument panels, column trim, dashboard components, door linings and handles, seat backs, seat belt parts, etc., which are among high-use materials.

Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene has favorable mechanical properties such as impact resistance, toughness and strength. By changing the ratio of ABS gear components, it can be produced with different grades. In general, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene has useful properties in the temperature range of 20 to 80 degrees Celsius.

Production methods of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS)

Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene is produced in two ways:

In the first method, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers are mixed with acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber. Typically, the rubber phase is broken and uniformly dispersed in small particles as the discontinuous phase in the continuous phase.

In the second method, which is used in most operations today, it provides greater versatility and the ability to custom design specific asset profiles. Acrylonitrile is grafted onto a butadiene or butadiene styrene copolymer backbone.

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Crystalline polystyrene compound is one of the primary polymer materials used in various industries. This material is resistant to heat and has high mechanical properties, which has made it widely used in the production of plastic materials.

Application of crystalline polystyrene compound

Crystalline polystyrene compound is one of the raw materials of plastic, which has a uniform texture. This material is widely used in the production of soup packaging containers, disposable cups, ice cream packaging containers and dairy packaging containers. It is also used in the manufacture of toys, watch bands, televisions and electrical components.

It is a compound of polymer raw materials such as crystalline polystyrene to increase the desired properties of the final product. Among the advantages of GPPS compound, we can mention the high transparency, high hardness and easy processing capability of these polymer materials.

Crystalline polystyrene compound is produced from the polymerization of styrene and is resistant to acids, bases, alcohols, oils and salt solutions. Polystyrene is flammable and burns with a characteristic odor and dark soot. Also, when preparing it, you should know how to distinguish a quality compound from a poor one, which affects the final product.

The molding feature makes the GPPS crystalline polystyrene compound one of the versatile materials, and the recycling of such materials is of great importance. Also, many of today's disposable and household products would not be available without these materials.

Therefore, it can be concluded that the difference between compound and masterbatch is that the compound is used to produce the final product with specific properties, while the masterbatch contains additives that are added in small amounts to the base polymers.

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The datasheet of polymer materials indicates the amount of materials used in the manufacture of the desired polymer and requires complete information about these materials to manufacture the final product. The following is information on some of the most commonly used polymer materials:

hdpe52518

hd3840

ldpe1922t

crp100b

hdpebl3

ex3

7000f

ldp2100

lf0200

ex5

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Diesel is one of the petrochemicals that has differences with other vehicle fuels such as gasoline. Among the differences between diesel and gasoline, we can mention the way they are refined, which is easier to refine and produces more energy per liter than gasoline.

Diesel is also known as gas oil and diesel fuel and is used as fuel for diesel vehicles and heating installations. Diesel is one of the crude oil products that is obtained after kerosene in the distillation tower and has many applications. It is also composed of three groups: paraffinic, naphthenic and aromatic.

Gasoline can be produced in atmospheric distillation tower and vacuum distillation tower. Diesel is a colorless liquid that has a higher density than other common fuels. It also has relatively high viscosity, which causes adhesion.

Features of diesel

Chemical composition:

Diesel is a mixture of chain hydrocarbons from c10 to c20.

Physical characteristics:

It is usually colorless to pale yellow and its density is around 0.82 to 0.95 grams per cubic centimeter and its flash point is higher than Benrin.

Combustion characteristics:

It has the ability to produce high energy and has a high cetane number, which indicates the high quality of combustion in a diesel engine.

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Битум — один из нефтехимических материалов, имеющий черный цвет и основной сферой применения которого является производство асфальта. Битум представляет собой плотный углеводород, получаемый из нефти, и делится на две категории: природный битум и рыхлый и смешанный битум.

Битум получают в результате перегонки сырой нефти, которую называют нефтяным битумом или дистиллятным битумом. Битум получают после двух ступеней перегонки сырой нефти в ректификационной башне, в которой на первой стадии из сырой нефти отделяют бензин и пропан, а на второй стадии экстрагируют битум.

Битум — это черное, пастообразное вещество, которое используется в таких областях, как изоляция, влажность и асфальтовое строительство, благодаря своей водонепроницаемости и высокой адгезии. Существуют различные типы битума, включая природный битум, нефтяной битум и битумный деготь, и они обладают двумя важными свойствами: адгезией и водонепроницаемостью.

Характеристики битума

Адгезия: для соединения строительных материалов и заполнителей.

Водонепроницаемость: используется в качестве гидроизоляции зданий и плотин.

Гибкость: выдерживает изменения температуры без поломок.

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Bitumen is one of the petrochemical materials that has a black color and its main use is to produce asphalt. Bitumen is a dense hydrocarbon derived from oil and is divided into two categories: natural bitumen and loose and mixed bitumen.

Bitumen is obtained from the distillation of crude oil, which is called petroleum bitumen or distillate bitumen. Bitumen is produced after two stages of crude oil distillation in the distillation tower, in which gasoline and propane are separated from crude oil in the first stage, and bitumen is extracted in the second stage.

Bitumen is a black, paste-like substance that is used in applications such as insulation, moisture, and asphalt construction due to its waterproofing and high adhesion. There are different types of bitumen, including natural bitumen, petroleum bitumen, and tar bitumen, and they have two important properties: adhesion and impermeability to water.

Characteristics of bitumen

Adhesion: to connect building materials and aggregates.

Water resistance: It is used as a waterproofing in buildings and dams.

Flexibility: Tolerating temperature changes without breaking.

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Caustic soda (sodium hydroxide) is a petrochemical that is solid, white, and soluble in water, with a melting point of 318 degrees Celsius. Among the characteristics of sodium hydroxide are its odorlessness, high corrosiveness, and its use as a raw material for industrial products.

Caustic soda is the chemical composition of sodium hydroxide, which is alkaline and opens and is used to neutralize acid. Today, caustic soda can be produced in the form of powder, pellets, flakes, solutions, etc.

Sodium hydroxide is a white solid and is very caustic, causing severe burns if it comes in contact with the skin. Caustic soda (sodium hydroxide) can be used to unclog drains and make soap. It is also used to clean the drain pipe, remove accumulated fats and produce detergents.

Properties of sodium hydroxide

Chemical formula: NaOH

Appearance: white solid

Solubility: very soluble in water

Alkalinity: very strong

Exothermicity: It produces a lot of heat when dissolved in water.

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Карбамид по внешнему виду очень похож на кристаллы, бесцветен, температура плавления 132,7, считается одним из нефтехимических сырьевых материалов. Если мочевина закипит раньше указанной температуры, она разложится.

Карбамид производится промышленным способом на основе процесса Bosch Meiser из аммиака и углекислого газа на интегрированных предприятиях. Поскольку синтез аммиака, используемого при производстве мочевины, не требует получения водорода с термином метан, его можно использовать.

Промышленная мочевина — негорючее и экологически чистое вещество с химической формулой CH4N2O. Может использоваться в различных областях, включая сельское хозяйство, кормовые добавки, пластмассы и фармацевтику. Промышленная мочевина также известна как карбамид и имеет различные применения.

Применение мочевины:

Химические удобрения

Карбамид – одно из важнейших азотных удобрений в сельском хозяйстве.

фармацевтика

Его используют в качестве увлажняющего средства в кремах и лосьонах для кожи.

промышленный

Применяется при производстве пластмасс, клея и карбамидоформальдегидной смолы.

лаборатория

Он используется в качестве источника азота в биологических исследованиях.

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